Understanding & Applying Mulligan Mechanics in the Horizontal and Vertical Planes of Space

This article will define what Mulligan mechanics is to me and how to apply the principles clinically in the horizontal and vertical planes. It will serve as a prelude to the third principle of Class II correction as outlined by Dr. Leonard J. Carapezza, DMD, Proper Over-bite and Overjet.¹

Mechanics refers to the properties of the components of an orthodontic appliance. Biomechanics refers to the reaction of the dentition to orthodontic forces.⁷ I will discuss both the mechanics (where archwire bends are to be placed and their classification) and the biomechanics (what happens to the tooth [teeth] when forces and moments are applied to it [them]) of the Mulligan system. For a deeper understanding of Mulligan mechanics, I suggest you read Dr. Mulligan’s two books: Common Sense Mechanics⁴ and Common Sense Mechanics in Everyday Orthodontics.⁵